Eight tips to manage and prevent your child's anger on the court
Each month, the USTA hosts Net Generation webinars for parents to learn how to best support their children throughout their tennis journey from finding coaches to improving their mental fitness. These webinars feature experts in their field, such as coaches, psychologists and current and former professional players.
In the October webinar, “Can Anger be Helpful to a Child’s Tennis?” sports psychologists Larry Lauer, Ph.D. and Bob Neff, Ph.D., who also played collegiate and professional tennis, joined the USTA’s Karl Davies, Ph.D., director of community education and parent support, to discuss anger and how it impacts a child’s performance.
Here are the top takeaways from their conversation and TK ways to help your athlete manage their anger and emotions so they can play their best.**
#1 - Understand what anger really is and what causes it.
In order to solve anger, you have to understand what it is. According to Neff, we tend to get angry when we see or perceive a threat and are not reaching a goal of ours, and we feel like this threat is what is preventing us from accomplishing our goal. Anger tends to pop up to help us fight for what we want and defend what we perceive as our territory.
However, a tennis match is not a life-or-death situation like fighting a tiger, so that rush of emotion and energy harms athletes, keeping them focused on playing with brute force, which prevents them from being able to problem-solve and see the big picture.
#2 - Recognize that anger is a normal emotion, especially for players who care deeply about their performance.
Talk with your athlete and normalize feeling angry—they are only human and are bound to get frustrated when they don’t win or aren’t playing as well as they want to.
“People who care do get angry,” Lauer said. “So it's going to happen. If you care about your tennis, you care about winning, you care about getting better, it's going to be there, and that's okay. It's important to give the young person space to feel that emotion and at the same time help them understand the consequences of their anger, help them connect A to B to see, ‘What's happening? How are you thinking about it? And then that anger comes, and what does that do to the way you behave and the way you perform?’”
It’s also important to tell your child that it can be hard to manage these strong feelings and they don’t always have control over how they feel—but they have control over the way they respond.
#3 - While anger can seemingly provide energy and motivation in the short-term, it’s not a long-term solution for on-court success.
When your athlete gets angry during a match, they might notice that they get more spin on their serve or play more aggressively from the baseline which could cause them to believe that they need to be upset or frustrated in order to play their best tennis.
However, high tempers can lead to irrational decision-making strategically, technically and behaviorally, and if their performance doesn’t match their expectations, your child might get angrier at themselves and continue to play poorly while sending them into an emotional spiral.
While it might seem like a good idea to allow your child to briefly let the anger out of their systems in the hope that letting off steam will help them feel better, players rarely are able to reset and maintain their composure for the rest of the match.
Instead, the angry thoughts that caused them to double-fault or have an outburst remain, and without Novak Djokovic-like mental fortitude, your child won’t play better after a minute of angry catharsis, and their anger may actually increase. Additionally, after venting their anger by throwing their racquet or screaming, the emotional release will cause their energy levels to drop due to the emotional and/or physical exertion, when they need to conserve their energy to play their best.
#4 - Help your child learn how to regulate their emotions.
Rather than encouraging your child to “let off steam” via an emotional outburst, try to teach them how to “turn down the heat” on their anger. This is easier said than done, but by modeling this behavior for them in everyday life and demonstrating things like deep breathing, you can help your child perform better during their matches.
If you burn dinner or they make a mess and you can tell that you’re about to yell angrily or get mad, show them that you can take a few deep breaths before calmly explaining the situation or coming up with a solution: “I’m frustrated with myself but there’s no need to be upset, we can order a pizza for dinner tonight,” or “I’m disappointed that you knocked over the juice glass, but accidents happen. Let’s clean it up together and find a way to prevent this from happening again.”
Approaches like this can be applied to your athlete’s experiences on the court—heightened emotions lower the brain’s ability to think critically, but if they can re-center themselves, they can focus on their technique or strategy instead of thinking that they just can’t serve today.
#5 - Work on a developing a routine to help your athlete to reset between points.
While it might take practice and some tweaking to find tricks and strategies that help your child calm down and move past the anger, finding a routine that brings them back to equilibrium is a great tool for on-court success.
Lauer recommends deep breathing to de-intensify the anger and think more rationally, then going to their towel and using it to “wipe away the past” along with their sweat. Once they put down the towel, it’s time for the athlete to refocus on something they can control, like moving their feet, getting their serve in or improving their slice. By doing this and putting their energy into actions they can take, it helps them feel more in control over what’s happening and redirect the anger.
#6 - Encourage them to look at challenges as a learning opportunity.
If your athlete sees their opponent or the situation they’re in as a threat, the autonomic nervous system can kick in and start a fight or flight response, which can cause them to feel angry. But by switching their mindset to view the “threat” as an opportunity, they’re more likely to be able to control their emotions, Neff said.
Try to help them see challenges as opportunities to learn, and have them focus on improving their game, rather than the outcome. If they see a match as a chance to get better instead of something to win or lose, anger is less likely to set in.
#7 - Work with your child’s coach to set clear expectations and consequences regarding inappropriate or unsportsmanlike behavior.
While anger is a completely normal emotion, and your athlete should know that it is okay to get angry, especially when they are not pleased with their performance, they should also know that there is a level of behavior you and their coach will not tolerate. It’s inappropriate to swear, throw their racquet or hit a ball as hard as possible in any direction—and especially not at anyone.
Lauer said it’s best to act calmly while telling your child what actions are unacceptable, as you want to model emotional control for them. There will be moments that your child slips up, as they are still young and learning, so be empathetic yet firm in saying that they are not allowed to continue that behavior. Teach them that they are expected to meet a standard of good sportsmanship, and there are consequences for poor behavior. They may learn that during a match if they get a point penalty or are defaulted if their ball hit in anger touches the umpire, or you and your child’s coach may have another consequence, especially if they aren’t penalized during the match. However, physical punishments like push-ups or running laps are not advised.
Additionally, don’t tell them “not to be angry,” especially if they don’t know how to control it yet. Instead, advise them gently to breathe or take a few sips of water.
#8 - Teach your athlete to recognize and address the anger’s underlying causes.
A day or two after a match or practice session when your child gets particularly angry or frustrated, in a safe, comfortable and nonjudgemental environment, have a conversation with them and ask what caused them to get angry. Was it that their opponent was winning and your child felt like they “should” be winning against this person, or your athlete was having trouble with their backhand?
If they know what sets them off, your child (along with support from you and their coach) can focus on teaching them how to control the controllables and work on those situations in practice so they know how to manage them during a match. This will likely work best with older children or those who are more in touch with their emotions.
If anger persists or interferes with other aspects of your child’s daily life, like school or relationships, find a therapist or another professional who can help. They can help your athlete identify the root causes of their anger, and help them work through them and learn healthy coping mechanisms.
If you want to watch the recording of this webinar, click here. To be notified about future webinars and receive these tips in your inbox, sign up for the Net Generation parent newsletter. The next webinar, “Harnessing Technology to Boost Your Child's Development” featuring experts Dave Ramos and Paul Robbins will take place on Nov. 13—register here.
**This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment, but rather to provide general information. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health providers with any questions you may have regarding mental health and or a medical condition.
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